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2018年对外经济贸易大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案

一、英译汉

1.Factors of Production

2.Economies of Scale

3.Net Export

4.Communicative Translation

5.Acculturalization

6.Flat Organizational Structure

7.Public Good

8.the Butterfly Effect

二、汉译英

9.定位

10.海.上丝绸之路

11.平行文本

12.先发优势

13.小康社会

14.人种学研究

15.再生家庭

16.特许商品

三、英译汉

17.Once conform, once do what other people do finer than they do it, and a lethargy steals over all the finer nerves and faculties of the soul. He becomes all outer show and inward emptiness; dull, callous, and indifferent.

18. W hat's most straight appears devious; the greatest skill appears clumsiness; the greatest eloquence seems like stuttering.

19. How will artificial intelligence affect our life? Without any doubt, artificial intelligence (AI) is playing a significant role in our life. But is AI a blessing or a curse? Public concern has arisen about the potential disadvantages brought about by the quick development of AI I personally believe that its advantage exceeds its disadvantage for the following reasons.

The primary fact we need to take into consideration is that AI has become an indispensable part in people's life. For example, the technology of fingerprint identification is a kind of typical and mature AI. Now it has been widely used in a various number of fields including cellphone industry, security system, economic and social management and so on. Take the Apple for instance, the iPhone with fingerprint authentication technology will enable users to skip a password and identify themselves to their iPhone simply by pressing the home button. People enjoy its comfort and convenience and already become used to it. As a consequence, we can't live without it. It's also one of the most succesful AI application cases in our life.

Another fact we have to admit is that the arrival of strong artificial intelligence has been inevitable for decades even though there exist some voices of disharmony and opposition. With the increasing of competition in society and fast pace of life, people need AI to change their current approaches and improve efficiency. The development of social productive forces and science and technology represents the trend of the times. One day, our grandchildren are going to look back on us just like the same way we look at the upright ape, living in dust, with crude language and tools.

However, it seems that people have seen so many awful scenes in science fiction movies that the earth was destroyed by the AI robots, they start to bring the anxiety into reality. Apparently there is a distinct difference between a computer and a human mind. Since they have the ability to invent them, the scientists are also capable of destroying AI before they get out of control and destroy the earth. In conclusion, of crucial importance is, in my view, that how to make full use of AI to improve living quality instead of worrying about it.

四、汉译英

20.子日:“吾十有五而志于学， 三十而立，四十而不惑，五十而知天命，六十而耳顺，七十而从心所欲，不逾矩。”

21.少时留居家乡，当春雨像鹅毛般落着的时候，登楼眺望，近处的山色被一片烟雨笼住，村落恍惚，若有若无，雨中的原野新鲜而又幽静，使人不易忘怀!

22.过去5年，中国经济年均增速超过7%，对世界经济增长的贡献率达到30%，也助力了东盟国家的经济发展。中国自东盟进口累计超过1万亿美元，对东盟累计直接投资达360亿美元，是东盟国家重要的出口目的地和投资来源地。

目前中国经济已转向高质量发展阶段，新动能加快成长，经济活力旺、韧性强、潜力大，将长期持续健康发展。中国有13多亿人口，居民收入稳步增加，中等收入群体不断扩大，消费日益多样化，是世界最具成长性的大市场。

中国已成为对外投资大国，外汇储备充裕，越来越多的企业有意愿有能力走出去。这些都为扩大中国一东盟经贸合作带来新机遇,为共同发展增添新动力。

中方不追求贸易顺差，愿从东盟国家进口更多优势产品。希望所有东盟国家尽快批准中国一东盟自贸区升级议定书,愿与东盟方早日完成“特定产品原产地规则”谈判，让自贸区升级成果尽早惠及双方企业和人民。中方愿同东盟国家一道,积极推进谈判，进一步促进区域贸易和投资自由化便利化，为建设东亚经济共同体奠定基础。明年中方将继续向东盟提供无偿援助，愿早日签署“中国一东盟援建柬埔寨和缅甸动物疫病实验室合作备忘录”。

中国拥有大量优势产能和性价比高的装备,符合东盟国家发展需求。中方愿与东盟国家一道，落实好去年发表的《中国一东盟产能合作联合声明》，共建经贸、产业合作园区，推动一批国际产能合作重大项目落地，打造融合度更深、带动力更强、受益面更广的产业链、价值链、物流链。中方愿在人民币国际化进程中，在金融领域与东盟国家歼展力度更大的合作，扩大本币结算规模，推动本币债券市场发展，促进本币在区域投资和贸易中的使用。中方将设立100亿元等值人民币的中国-东盟银联体专项贷款，支持双方合作项目。

【参考答案】

1.生产要素:指物质生产所必需的一切要素及其环境条件。

2.规模经济:指随着生产能力扩大而使单位成本下降、经济收益递增的现象。

3.净出口:又称贸易差额、贸易余额，指一国在一定时期内(如一年、半年、一季、一月)出口总值与进口总值之间的差额。

4.交际翻译:是纽马克提出的两种翻译模式之一，其目的是使译作对译文读者产生的效果尽量等同于原作对原文读者产生的效果。

5.涵化:是文化人类学概念，指两种或两种以上的文化相互接触、影响，发生变迁的过程。

6.扁平化组织结构:是现代企业组织结构形式之一，指通过减少行政管理层次，裁减冗余人员而建立的一种紧凑、干练的组织结构。

7.公共物品:指为整个社会共同消费的产品和服务，严格地讲，它具有非竞争性和非排他性，每个人对公共物品的使用,不会导致其他人对该产品消费的减少。

8.蝴蝶效应:指在长时间和大范围内，微小的空气系统变化可能导致连锁反应，并最终导致其他系统产生极大变化。

9. positioning: it is a marketing strategy that aims to make a brand occupy a distinct position, relative to competing brands, in the mind of the customer.

10.Maritime Silk Road: it started from China 's south-east coastal regions, traversing a vast expanse of oceans and seas to countries in Southeast Asia, Africa and Europe.

This trading route that connects the East and the W est, had enhanced the exchanges of commodities, people and culture among countries situated on the road.

11.parallel text: it is a corresponding original text in different languages.

12. first mover advantage: in marketing strategy, it is the advantage gained by the initial significant occupant of a market segment.

13.moderately prosperous society: it is a Chinese term used to refer to China's development goals. Achieving a "moderately prosperous society" includes not only a target for income and consumption but also development of education, health, environmental improvement and other strategic factors.

14.ethnology study: it refers to the study of ethnology, which is the branch of anthropology that compares and analyzes the characteristics of different peoples and the relationships between them.

15.family of procreation; it refers to the family that is formed through marriage and by having or a-dopting children.

16.licensed product: it is a product whose development, manufacturing, marketing,and sales has been licensed by the brand owner to others who want to use the brand in association with a product, for an agreed period of time, within an agreed territory.

17.一旦循规蹈矩，一旦人为亦为、有过之而无不及，呆滞就会渐渐控制灵魂中一切灵敏的神经和官能。人就会变得徒有其表，内心空空如也;迟钝，木然且冷漠。

18.大直若屈，大巧若拙，大辩若讷。

19.人工智能将如何影响我们的生活?毫无疑问，人工智能在我们的生活中扮演着重要的角色。但它究竟是福是祸?人工智能快速发展可能产生的弊端巳经引起公众的关注。我个人认为人工智能利大于弊，原因有下。

我们要考虑的一个基本事实是，人工智能已成为人们生活中不可或缺的一部分。举例来说，指纹识别就是一种典型且成熟的人工智能技术，目前已被广泛应用于手机行业、安全系统、经济社会管理等多个领域。以苹果公司为例，它的iPhone手机带有指纹认证技术，可以让用户跳过输入密码的环节，只需按下主页键就能完成机主身份识别。人们享受人工智能带来的舒适和便利，甚至已习以为常。以至于，我们的生活已经离不开它了。指纹认证技术也是在我们生活中应用的最成功的人工智能案例之一。另一个我们不得不承认的事实是，尽管一直存在不和谐的反对声音,但几十年来，强人工智能的出现是一种必然。随着社会竞争加剧、生活节奏加快，人们需要人工智能来改变现有工作方式，提高工作效率。

社会生产力和科技发展是大势所趋。总有一天，我们的孙辈会像我们看直立猿人那样回看我们，在他们眼中，我们生活得灰头土脸，说的是粗鄙的语言，用的是简陋的工具。

然而，人们似乎在科幻电影中看到了太多地球被智能机器人摧毁的可怕场景，于是开始把观影时的焦虑带入现实生活。显然，电脑和人脑之间存在显著差异。科学家既然有能力发明人工智能，也就有能力在它们失控并毁灭地球前将之摧毁，总之，在我看来，与其忧心忡忡，不如充分了解如何利用人工智能来提高生活质量，这才是至关重要的。

20. The Master said, "At fifteen I set my heart upon learning. At thirty, I had planted my feet firm upon the ground. At forty, I no longer suffered from perplexities. At fifty, I knew what were the biddings of Heaven. At sixty, I heard them with docile ear. At seventy, I could follow the dictates of my own heart; for what I desired no longer overstepped the boundaries of right.

21. I'll never forget the days when I enjoyed the spring rain in my native place as a small child. I would go upstairs to take a distant look. The faraway mountains were veiled in a misty rain. The villages were now visible, now invisible. The wet open country was fresh and serene.

22.In the past five years, the Chinese economy registered an average annual growth of over 7% , contributing 30% to global growth and also boosting the economies of ASEAN countries. In cumulative terms, China's import from ASEAN has surpassed US $ 1 tillion and its direct investment in ASEAN has reached US$36 billion in the same period. This has made China an important export market and source of investment for ASEAN countries. As the Chinese economy enters a stage of high-quality growth, new drivers are fast emerging. Given its robust strength, strong resilience and huge potential, the Chinese economy can well maintain sound growth for years to come. China is a country of over 1. 3 billion people. Its rising household income, expanding middle-income group and increasingly diversified consumption has ensured China' s place as the most promising growth market in the world.

China is also a major outward investor with abundant foreign exchange reserve and a growing number of companies who are both willing and able to explore the global market. All these will create new opportunities for China-ASEAN business cooperation and give a new impetus to our common development. China does not seek trade surpluses. We will import more competitive goods from ASEAN countries.

We hope that all ASEAN countries will ratify the protocol on upgrading China-ASEAN Free Trade Area as soon as possible. We are ready to complete the negotiations on the product specific rules of origin with the ASEAN side at an early date to deliver the benefits of the upgraded FTA to our companies and people in the nearest future. China will work with ASEAN countries to actively advance RCEP negotiations, further promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation in the region, and lay the foundation for the building of an East Asia economic community.

Next year, China will continue to provide grant assistance to ASEAN. We are ready to conclude the Memorandum of Understanding between China and ASEAN on helping Cambodia and Myanmar to establish animal disease control and prevention laboratories at an early date.

China's advanced industrial capacity as well as cost effective equipment are well-suited to the development needs of ASEAN countries. China stands ready to work with ASEAN countries to implement the Joint Statement Between China and ASEAN on Production Capacity Cooperation issued last year, including jointly building trade and industrial cooperation parks and facilitating the launch of major projects of international industrial capacity cooperation. We should together develop better integrated industrial, value and logistics chains that will help boost growth and deliver more widely shared benefits. China is keen to enhance financial cooperation with ASEAN countries in the course of RMB's internationalization, expand the scale of local currency settlement, facilitate the development of local currency bond markets, and promote the use of local currency in regional investment and trade.

China will set up a China-ASEAN Inter-bank Association Special Loan equivalent to RMB 10 billion to support our cooperation projects.