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湖南科技大学2020年考研真题：357 英语翻译基础

科目名称：357 英语翻译基础

适用专业：055101 英语笔译

I. Directions: Translate the following words, abbreviations or terminology into Chinese. There are altogether 15 items in this part of the test, with one point for each. (15%)

1. dissimilation

2. diachronic linguistics

3. overt translation

4. corpus

5. techlash

6. Baby bust

7. low-rent housing

8. metropolitan area population

9. dire poverty

10. e-government

11. empty-nest syndrome

12. dwelling narrowness

13. UAV (unmannedaerial vehicle)

14. LAD language acquisition device)

15. UNEF (United Nations Emergencey Force)

II. Directions: Translate the following words, abbreviations or terminology into English. There are altogether 15 items in this part of the test, with one point for each. (1 5%)

1.“退耕还林(草)”

2.“互联网+”行动计划

3.工薪阶层

4.减负

5.中国贫困线

6.扶贫经济开发区

7.平安中国

8.生态红线

9.共赢

10.职业翻译

11.低头族

12.安居工程

13.钉子户

14.TPP跨太平洋关系协定

15.安理会常任理事国

III. Directions: Translate the following two passages into Chinese. (60%)

Passage One:

Healthy Life Expectancy in the UK Depends on Where You Live

A baby girl in part of Middlesbrough in the Northeast of England can expect to have 35 fewer years of good health than a similar girl born in a rich part of Guildford in Surrey--just 48 years compared to 83. The inequality is startling--and it's a similar story for males: a baby born in a deprived district of Blackpool can expect just 47 years of healthy life, while in Knightbridge in London it's 79.

These figures come just a week after official data showed that after decades of improvement, healthy life expectancy and overall life expectancy for baby girls in the poorest ten percent of English and Welsh households is now falling.

The problem emerges as worst in places like Stoke-on-Tees and Stoke -on-Trent, where life expectancy's fallen more than nine months in the last three years. For men, the falls have been greatest in Southend-on-Sea, Walsall and the Isle of Wight. The reasons for the falls is unclear but rising obesity rates and cuts to public spending have both been blamed.(189 words)

Passage Two:

Two-year Degree Plan to Cut Cost of Tuition Fees Instead of studying for three years, at 30 weeks a year, the government wants more universities to provide fast-track courses with degrees taught in two years with 45 weeks of studying.

These shorter, more intensive courses would mean savings of about e 5,500 in tuition fees and a year' s worth of accommodation and living costs. The Universities Minister Sam Gyimah thinks it'll particularly help to reverse the decline in the number of mature students.

Even though the overall cost would be lower than studying for three years, each year would have tuition fees equivalent to about e 11,000 per year--above the current maximum limit of 9,250. Such a change of the fee system would have to approved by Parliament and that could prove a significant stumbling block. (136 words)

IV Directions: Translate the following two passages into English. (60%)

1.午后，手捧一杯茶，静静地阅读一 本好书。这样的情景似乎只发生在早已远去的工业时代。如今，在这个充斥着数字、网络和虚拟世界的21世纪，年轻人无时无刻不被机器联系在一起: 上班时用电脑，购物时电脑刷卡，回家后的休息也许还是需要与电脑、电视为伴。这样高速运转的生活，让阅读成了快餐食品，也让很多学者和教育家开始忧心忡忡:难道21世纪的孩子，不再需要阅读了吗?(176字)

2.书是我的良友，它给我一把 金钥匙，诱导我打开浅短的视角，愚昧的头脑，闭塞的心灵。它从不吝啬对我帮助。书是我青春期的恋人，中年的知己，暮年的伴侣。有了它，我不再愁寂寞，不再怕人情冷暖，世态炎凉。它使我成为精神世界的富翁。我真的是“不可一日无此君”。当我忙完了，累极了:当我愤怒时，苦恼时，我就想亲近它，因为这是一种绝妙的安抚。(162字)