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2017年考研英语二阅读新题型真题及参考答案

Part B

Directions:

Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

The decline in American manufacturing is a common refrain, particularly from Donald Trump.“We don't make anything anymore," he told Fox News, while defending his own made-in-Mexico clothing line.

Without question, manufacturing has taken a significant hit during recent decades, and further trade deals raise questions about whether new shocks could hit manufacturing.

But there is also a different way to look at the data.Across the country, factory owners are now grappling with a new challenge: instead of having too many workers, they may end up with too few. Despite trade competition and outsourcing, American manufacturing still needs to replace tens of thousands of retiring boomers every years.

Millennials may not be that interested in taking their place, other industries are recruiting them with similar or better pay.

For factory owners, it all adds up to stiff competition for workers 一and upward pressure on wages.“They' reharder to find and they have job offers," says Jay Dunwell, president of Wolverine Coil Spring, a family-owned firm,“They may be coming into the workforce], but they've been plucked by other industries that are also doing an well as manufacturing," Mr. Dunwell has begun bringing high school juniors to the factory so they can get exposed to its culture.

At RoMan Manufacturing, a maker of electrical transformers and welding equipment that his father cofounded in 1980, Robert Roth keep a close eye on the age of his nearly 200 workers, five are retiring this year. Mr. Roth has three community-college students enrolled in a work-placement program, with a starting wage of $13 an hour that rises to $17 after two years.

At a worktable inside the transformer plant, young Jason Stenquist looks flustered by the copper coils he's trying to assemble and the arrival of two visitors. It's his first week on the job. Asked about his choice of career, he says at high school he considered medical school before switching to electrical engineering. "I love working with tools. I love creating." he says.

But to win over these young workers, manufacturers have to clear another major hurdle: parents, who lived through the worst US economic downturn since the Great Depression, telling them to avoid the factory. Millennials "remember their father and mother both were laid off. They blame it on the manufacturing recession," says Birgit Klohs, chief executive of The Right Place, a business development agency for western Michigan.

These concerns aren't misplaced: Employment in manufacturing has fallen from 17 million in 1970 to 12 million in 2013. When the recovery began, worker shortages first appeared in the high-skilled trades. Now shortages are appearing at the mid-skill levels.

“The gap is between the jobs that take to skills and those that require a lot of skill," says Rob Spohr, a business professor at Montcalm Community College. "There're enough people to fill the jobs at McDonalds and other places where you don't need to have much skill. It's that gap in between, and that's where the problem is""

Julie Parks of Grand Rapids Community points to another key to luring Millennials into manufacturing: a work/life balance. While their parents were content to work long hours, young people value flexibility. “Overtime is not attractive to this generation. They really want to live their lives," she says.

41、Jay Deuwell

42、Jason Stenquist

43、Birgit Klohs

44、Rob Spohr

45、Julie Parks

[A] says that he switched to electrical engineering because he loves working with tools。

[B] points out that there are enough people to fill the jobs that don't need much skill.

[C] points out that the US doesn' t manufacture anything anymore.

[D] believes that it is important to keep a close eye on the age of his workers.

[E] says that for factory owners, workers are harder to find because of stiff competition。

[F] points out that a work/life balance can attract young people into manufacturing.

[G] says that the manufacturing rcession is to blame for the lay-off the young peaple's parents。

【答案解析】

41.

答案:E

由题干的Jay Dunwell可定位到第五段第二、三句:“They're harder to find and they have job offers," says Jay Dunwell, president of Wolverine Coil Spring, a family- owned firm, "They may be coming [into the workforce], but they've been plucked by other industries that are also doing an well as manufacturing,"由定位句可知，工人难找的原因是各个行业之间的竞争，因此答案为E。

42.

答案: A

由题干中的Jason Stenquist可定位到第七段第三、四、五句: Asked about his choice of career, he says at high school he considered medical school before switching to electrical engineering. "I love working with tools. I love creating." he says.有定位句可知，斯滕奎斯特喜欢与工具打交道，因此A为正确答案。

43.

答案:G

由题干中的Birgit Klohs可定位到第八段第二、三句: Mllennials "remember their father and mother both were laid off. They blame it on the manufacturing recession," says Birgit Klohs, chief executive of The Right Place, a business development agency for western Michigan.由定位可知，比吉特●克洛斯认为年轻人的父母失业的原因是制造业衰退，因此答案为G。

44.

答案:B

由题干中的Rob Spohr可定位到第十段:“The gap is between the jobs that take to slills and those that require a lot of sill," says Rob Spohr, a business professor at Montcalm Community College. "There're enough people to fill the jobs at McDonalds and other places where you don't need to have much s....’..由定位段可知，斯波尔认为在不需要很多技术的地方就业的人足够多，因此答案为B。

45.

答案:F

由题干中的 Julie Parks可定位到最后一段 第一句: Julie Parks of Grand Rapids Community points to another key to luring Millennials into manufacturing: a work/ife balance.由定位句可知，朱莉●帕克斯指出了工作与生活的平衡对于吸引年轻人进入制造业的重要性，因此答案为F。