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中国海洋大学2020年考研真题：963综合英语A

考试科目：963综合英语A

适用专业：050201英语语言文学、050211外国语言学及应用语言学

Part One Linguistics (80 points)

I. Define the following terms, using examples where necessary. (20 points)

1. Phonetics

2. free morphemes

3. performance

4. reference

5. complementary antonymy

6. Sapir- Whorf Hypothesis

7. place of articulation

8. immediate constituent

9. ethnography of communication

10. endocentric construction

II. Blank filling. (10 points)

1.________inguistics is the study of a language through the course of history.

2. The ________ function of language is primarily to change the social status of persons, as in the sentencing criminals, the naming of a ship at a launching ceremony and the cursing of enemies.

3. ________ is voiceless postalveolar fricative.

4. The plural in English can be represented by the voiceless /s/, the voiced /z/, the vowel-consonant structure /z/, the diphthong /ar/ found in the irregular form of /mars/, the long vowel /i:/ in /ti:e/ and others. Each would be said to a (n) ________ of the plural morpheme.

5. The upper term in hyponymy is called ________ and it usually has several hyponyms.

6. When the verb construct is combined with the suffix -ion, a new word construction is formed. The affix like -ion is a(n) ________ morpheme.

7. Dan Sperber and Deirdre Wilson proposed ________ theory in 1986, one of whose key notions in it is ostensive communication.

8. The relations of ________ partly belong to syntagmatic relations, and partly to paradigmatic relations. .

9. ________ refers to text connectedness in terms of reference, substitution, ellipsis, conjunction and lexical collocation.

10. Lamb's ________ Grammar connects all kinds of relations on the strata with nodes and lines, making language analysis into a relational network stitched by nodes and lines.

III. Draw labeled tree diagrams. (10 points)

1. He swims in the lake.

2. damaged beyond repair

IV. Answer the following questions briefly. (20 points)

1. According to John Austin, what are the three acts a person is possibly performing while making an utterance? Give an example. (7 points)

2. Use examples to illustrate how synonymy, antonymy and hyponymy can be analyzed in terms of componential analysis. (7 points)

3. Explain Language Acquisition Device. (6 points)

V. Discuss the following questions as comprehensively as possible, giving examples if necessary.(20 points)

1. What do the barking of dogs, the meowing of cats, and the singing of birds have in common with human language? What are the basic differences?

2. What are Bloomfield's main contributions to the study of language?

Part Two Literature (70 points)

VI. Define the following terms. (20 points)

1. Soliloquy

2. Gothic Novel

3. Intentional Fallacy

4. Literary Naturalism

VI. Answer the following questions briefly. (30 points)

1. What are William Wordsworth's views on poetry?

2. What are the differences between Realism and Modernism in literature?

3. What are Sherwood Anderson's contributions to American Literature?

VIII. Short essay construction. (20 points)

Read the following passage and make comments on it in about 300 words.

124 was spiteful. Full of a baby's venom. The women in the house knew it and so did the children. For years each put up with the spite in his own way, but by 1873 Sethe and her daughter Denver were its only victims. The grandmother, Baby Suggs, was dead, and the sons, Howard and Buglar, had run away by the time they were thirteen years old-as soon as merely looking in a mirror shattered it(that was the signal for Buglar); as soon as two tiny hand prints appeared in the cake(that was it for Howard). Neither boy waited to see more; another kettleful of chickpeas smoking in a heap on the floor; soda crackers crumbled and strewn in a line next to the door still.