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中国海洋大学2021年考研真题：963综合英语A

考试科目：963综合英语A

适用专业：050201英语语言文学、050211外国语言学及应用语言学

Part One Linguistics (80 points)

I. Define the following terms, using examples where necessary. (20 points)

1. metalanguage

2. back-formation

3. grammatical construction

4. recursiveness

5. assimilation

6. denotation

7. interlanguage

8. illocutionary act

9. anthropological linguistics

10. co-occurrence

II. Blank filling. (10 points)

1. The morphological process of ________ does not give rise to a new lexeme, but only yields different word forms of the same lexeme.

2. ________ constructions fall into two main types, depending on the relation between constituents: coordination and subordination.

3. Linguistics is not the only field concerning language. Other disciplines are also preoccupied with language. Therefore, ________ is a broad conception of linguistic enquiry, including psychology, sociology, ethnology, culture, the science of law and artificial intelligence, etc.

4. Syllable, stress, tone, and intonation are those aspects of speech that involve more than one single sound segments. They are collectively known as ________ features.

5. ________ is the technical name for one of the sense relations between linguistic units, namely, the sameness relation.

6. Sapir-Whorf hypothesis has alternatively been referred to as linguistic ________ and linguistic relativity, a view which “was first expounded by the German ethnologist Wilhelm von Humboldt".

7. The ________ function embodies all uses of language to express social and personal relations. It includes the various ways in which the speaker enters a speech situation and performs a speech

act.

8. American ________ is a branch of synchronic linguistics that emerged independently in the United States at the beginning of the 20h century.

9. [e] is a voiceless dental ________

10. ________ is a logical relationship between two sentences in which the truth of the second necessarily follows from the truth of the first, while the falsity of the first follows the falsity of the second. For example, when “I saw a boy" is true, “I saw a child" is necessarily true.

III. Draw labeled tree diagrams. (10 points)

1. We enjoy a healthy climate.

2. She knows the names of some flowers.

IV. Answer the following questions briefly. (20 points)

1. What criteria are used to classify the English vowels? (7 points)

2. What is Krashen's Input Hypothesis? (7 points)

3. What are the important points of the Prague School? (6 points)

V. Discuss the following questions as comprehensively as possible, giving examples if necessary.(20 points)

1. What are the four maxims of the Cooperative Principle? Please give your own examples to show how violating these maxims gives rise to particularized conversational implicature.

2. What characteristics of language do you think should be included in a good, comprehensive definition of language?

Part Two Literature (70 points)

VI. Define the following terms. (20 points)

1. Sonnet

2. Stream of Consciousness

3. Postcolonialism

4. The Sound and the Fury

VII. Answer the following questions briefly. (30 points)

1. In what way can The Great Gatsby be viewed as a text of social criticism?

2. What are the characteristics of Neoclassicism?

3. In what way is The Red Badge of Courage a work of Naturalism?

VII. Short essay construction. (20 points)

Read the following two stanzas and make comments in about 300 words.

I wandered lonely as a cloud

That floats on high o'er vales and hills,

When all at once I saw a crowd,

A host of golden daffodils,

Beside the lake, beneath the trees,

Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.

Continuous as the stars that shine

And twinkle on the milky way,

They stretch'd in never-ending line

Along the margin of a bay:

Ten thousand saw I at a glance

Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.